Quick Reference-Fire Fighting (Part-1)

QUICK REFERENCE-FIRE FIGHTING (PART-1)

September 15, 2019 1 Comment

Class of Fire

CLASS Type of Fire Type of Fire Extinguisher Class A Fires involving Paper, Wood, Textile, Packing materials and the like. Water, foam, ABC dry power and halocarbons. Class B Fires involving Oil, Petrol, Solvent, Grease, Paints, Celluloid and the like. Foam, dry powder, clean agent and carbon dioxide extinguishers Class C Fires involving Electrical Hazards, Motor Vehicle Gaseous substance under pressure. Dry powder, clean agent and carbon dioxide extinguishers Class D Fires involving Chemicals, Metal and active like

Magnesium ,titanium

Extinguishers with special dry powder for metal tires

Area covered by Fire Extinguisher (NBC)

Type of Fire Extinguishers Coverage (Floor) Area Water/ Sand Bucket 100 sq.mt. Sprinklers 6 sq.mt. Extinguishers (9 Liter) 600 sq.mt. Heat Detectors 16 sq.mt. Hydrant Riser (Outlet 100 mm dia with landing valve and First aid hose reel) 930 sq.mt Smoke Detectors 50 sq.mt.

Water Requirement for the Fire Fighting (AS per NBC)

Q = 3000 P Q = Fire demand in Liters/Minutes P = Population in Thousands Note: The above rate must be maintained at a minimum pressure of 1 to 1.5 kg / cm2 for at least four hours.

Water Requirement for Wet Riser/Down Corner System (As per NBC -TABLE 4)

Residential Buildings U.G. Water Storage Tank Static Terrace Tank 15 m to 30 m 50,000 lts 10,000 lts 30 m to 45 m 1,00,000 lts 20,000 lts Above 45 m 2,00,000 lts 40,000 lts

Water Requirement for Wet Riser/Down Corner System (As per NBC -TABLE 5)

Business Building U.G. Water Storage Tank Static Terrace Tank 15 m to 30 m 100000 lts (50000 lts if covered area in G.F is less than 300sq.m.) 20,000 lts 30 m to 45 m 20000 lts 20,000 lts Above 45 m 250000 lts 50,000 lts

Classification of fire Pumps (As per IS 15301)

Pump Size Location of Pump Installation 450 Liter/Min Pumps to be installed on the terrace to feed the Down Comer System. 900 Liter/Min Pumps to be installed on the terrace to feed the Down Comer System. 2280 Liter/Min Pumps are to be housed in the pump house. 2850 Liter/Min Pumps are to be housed in the pump house. 4500 Liter/Min Pumps are to be housed in the pump house. For special risks 6700 Liter/Min Pumps are to be housed in the pump house.

Suction and Delivery Pipe Sizes (IS 3844)

Pump Size Pump Location Suction Delivery 450 Liter/min Terrace 50 mm 50 mm 900 Liter/min Terrace 75 mm 50 mm 1400 Liter/min Terrace 100 mm 100 mm 2280 Liter/min Fire Pump 150 mm 150 mm 2850 Liter/min Fire Pump 200 mm 150 mm 4500 Liter/min Fire Pump 250 mm 200 mm 6700 Liter/min Fire Pump 250 mm 200 mm

Different Types of Fire Extinguishers for Different Classes of Fires ( IS 2190 )

Type of Extinguisher IS Type of Fires Class A Class B Class C Class D water type (gas cartridge) IS 940 , IS 13385 S NS NS NS water type (stored pressure) IS 6234 S NS NS NS mechanical foam type (gas cartridge) IS 10204, IS 13386 S S NS NS mechanical foam type (stored pressure) IS 14951,IS 15397 S S NS NS dry powder type (stored pressure) IS 13849 S S S NS dry powder type (gas cartridge) IS 2171 , IS 10658 S S S NS dry powder type for metal fires IS 11833 NS NS NS S carbon dioxide type IS 2878, IS 8149 NS S S NS clean agent gas type IS 15683 S S S NS halon 1211 type IS 4862 , IS 11108 S S S NS

PRESSURE TESTING OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS ( IS 2190 )

Type of Extinguisher IS Test Interval (Year) Test Pressure (kg/cm2) Pressure Maintained for Min. (kg/cm2) Water type (gas cartridge) IS 940 3 35 2.5 Water type (stored pressure) IS 6234 3 35 2.5 Water type (gas cartridge) IS 13385 3 35 2.5 Mechanical foam type (gas cartridge) IS 10204 3 35 2.5 Mechanical foam type (stored pressure) IS 15397 3 35 2.5 Mechanical foam type (gas cartridge) IS 13386 3 35 2.5 Mechanical foam type (gas cartridge) 135 liter IS 14951 3 35 2.5 Dry powder ( stored pressure) IS l3849 3 35 2.5 Carbon dioxide IS 2878 5 250 2.5 Clean agent IS 15683 3 35 2.5 Dry powder (gas cartridge) IS2171, IS10658 3 35 2.5

LIFE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS ( IS 2190)

Type of Extinguisher Life Time, Year Water type 10 Foam type 10 Powder type 10 Carbon dioxide 15 Clean agent 10

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INSTALLATION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS ( IS 2190 )

Occupancy Type of Occupancy Nature of Occupancy Class of Fire Typical Examples Group A Residential buildings Low Hazard CLASS A Lodging or rooming, one or two family houses, private dwellings, dormitories, apartment houses, flats, up to 4 star hotels, etc Low Hazard CLASS C Small kitchens having LPG connection, electrical heaters, etc Medium Hazard CLASS A Multi-storied buildings, multi-risk buildings, five star hotels, etc Group B Educational buildings Low Hazard CLASS A Tutorials, vocational training institutes, evening colleges, commercial institutes Medium Hazard CLASS A Schools, colleges, etc Group C Institutional buildings Medium Hazard CLASS A Hospitals, sanatoria, hom…