ELECTRICAL SAFETY CLEARANCE (ETSA UTILITIES,AUSTRALIA) (PART-4)

STANDARD: ETSA UTILITIES

 VERTICAL CLEARANCES BETWEEN SERVICES:

Service

LV Cable

HV Cable

Common Pipe

0.100 Meter

0.100 Meter

Gas Pipe

0.200 Meter 0.200 Meter

Sewer Pipe

0.300 Meter 0.300 Meter

Water Pipe

0.600 Meter 0.600 Meter

 HORIZONTAL CLEARANCES BETWEEN SERVICES:

Service

LV Cable

HV Cable

Common Pipe

0.100 Meter

0.100 Meter

Gas Pipe

0.200 Meter 0.200 Meter

Sewer Pipe

1.0 Meter 1.0 Meter

Water Pipe

0.600 Meter 0.600 Meter

 STANDARD: UK POWER NETWORKS – EI 02-0019

 CABLE INSTALLATION DEPTHS:

Voltage

Area

Depth (min)

Low Voltage

Footways, grass verges or private property

0.450 Meter

Carriageways (including road crossings)

0.600 Meter

Normal agricultural land (not deep ploughing)

1.0 Meter

Agricultural land subject to deep ploughing

1.2 Meter

11 KV to 20 KV

Footways, grass verges or private property

0.600 Meter

Carriageways (including road crossings)

0.750 Meter

Normal agricultural land (not deep ploughing)

1.0 Meter

Agricultural land subject to deep ploughing

1.2 Meter

33 KV to 132 KV

Footways, grass verges or private property

0.900 Meter

Carriageways (including road crossings)

0.900 Meter

Normal agricultural land (not deep ploughing)

1.0 Meter

Agricultural land subject to deep ploughing

1.2 Meter

Auxiliary Multi-core & Multi-pair Cables

Footways, grass verges or private property

0.450 Meter

Carriageways (including road crossings)

0.600 Meter

Normal agricultural land (not deep ploughing)

1.0 Meter

Agricultural land subject to deep ploughing

1.2 Meter

On Cable Ladder for LV to HV The Horizontal clearance between cables on cable ladders

2X Dia of Cable of Largest Cable or min 150 mm

The clearance from a supporting wall

20 mm

The vertical clearance between cables is greater

150 mm

If the number of cables > 4, they are to be installed in a horizontal

 MINIMUM APPROACH DISTANCE OF CRANE OR MOVING PART FROM LIVE CONDUCTOR:

Voltage

Without Safety Observation

For ordinary Person

Un insulated portions

Insulated portions

Upto1KV

2 Meter

1.0 Meter

3.0 Meter

11 KV

2 Meter

1.4 Meter

3.0 Meter

22 KV

2.4 Meter

2 Meter

3.0 Meter

33 KV

2.4 Meter

2 Meter

3.0 Meter

66 KV

2.8 Meter

2 Meter

3.0 Meter

132 KV

3.0 Meter

3.0 Meter

3.0 Meter

220 KV

4.8 Meter

4.8 Meter

6.0 Meter

330 KV

6.0 Meter

6.0 Meter

6.0 Meter

500 KV

8.0 Meter

8.0 Meter

8.0 Meter

 MINIMUM FIXED CLEARANCES FOR ELECTRICAL APPARATUS (ISOLATION POINTS):

Voltage

Fixed Clearance

Up to 11Kv

0.320 Meter

11KV to 33KV

0.320 Meter

33KV to 66KV

0.630 Meter

66KV to 132KV

1.1 Meter

ELECTRICAL SAFETY CLEARANCE (NORTHERN IRELAND ELECTRICITY) (PART-3)

STANDARD: NORTHERN IRELAND ELECTRICITY (NIE), 6/025 ENA

 CLEARANCES OF ELECTRICAL LINE TO GROUND AND ROADS:

Description of Clearance

0.4 KV

11 KV

33KV

110KV

220 KV

400KV

Line conductor to any point not over road

5.2 Meter

6.1 Meter

6.4 Meter

6.4 Meter

7.0 Meter

7.0 Meter

Line conductor to road surface

5.8 Meter

6.1 Meter

6.4 Meter

6.4 Meter

7.4 Meter

8.1 Meter

Line conductor to road surface of high load routes

6.9 Meter

6.9 Meter

6.9 Meter

7.2 Meter

8.5 Meter

9.2 Meter

Bare live metalwork ( transformer terminals, jumper connections, etc)

4.6 Meter

4.6 Meter

4.6 Meter

–

–

–

CLEARANCES OF ELECTRICAL LINE TO OTHER OBJECTS:

Description of Clearance

<11 KV

33 KV

110KV

220KV

400 KV

Line conductor or bare live metalwork to any object that is normally accessible (including permanently mounted ladders and access platforms) or to any surface of a building

3.0 Meter

3.0 Meter 3.4 Meter 4.6 Meter 5.3 Meter Line conductor or bare live metalwork to any object to which access is not required AND on which a person cannot stand or lean a ladder

0.8 Meter

0.8 Meter 1.2 Meter 2.4 Meter 3.1 Meter Line conductors to irrigates, slurry guns and high-pressure hoses

30 Meter

30 Meter 30 Meter 30 Meter 30 Meter Line conductors to playing fields

8.5 Meter

8.5 Meter 8.5 Meter 8.5 Meter 8.5 Meter Line conductors to Caravan Sites

9.0 Meter

9.0 Meter 9.0 Meter 9.0 Meter 9.0 Meter Horizontal clearances to wells

15.0 Meter

15.0 Meter 15.0 Meter 15.0 Meter 15.0 Meter

CLEARANCES OF ELECTRICAL LINE TO TREES AND HEDGES:

Description of Clearance

<11 KV

33 KV

110KV

220KV

400 KV

Line conductor or bare live metalwork to trees or hedges unable to support a ladder or being climbed.

0.8 Meter

0.8 Meter 1.2 Meter 2.4 Meter 3.1 Meter Line conductor or bare live metalwork to trees or hedges capable of supporting a ladder or being climbed.

3.0 Meter

3.0 Meter 3.4 Meter 4.6 Meter 5.3 Meter Line conductor or bare live metalwork to trees falling towards the overhead line with the line conductors hanging vertically.

0.8 Meter

0.8 Meter 1.2 Meter 2.4 Meter 3.1 Meter Line conductors to trees in Orchards

3.0 Meter

3.0 Meter 3.4 Meter 4.6 Meter 5.3 Meter

 CLEARANCES OF ELECTRICAL LINE TO STREET LIGHTING:

Description of Clearance

0.4 KV

11 KV

33KV

110KV

220 KV

400KV

Line conductor to Lantern on same pole

1.0 Meter

–

–

–

–

–

Bare line conductor to lantern or column below.

1.5 Meter

–

–

–

–

–

Insulated line conductor to column 0.3 Meter

–

–

–

–

–

Insulated line conductor to lantern 1.0 Meter

–

–

–

–

–

Column to nearest LV pole 1.5 Meter

–

–

–

–

–

Line conductor to street lighting column with

(i) Column in normal upright position. – 1.7 Meter 1.7 Meter 2.3 Meter 3.3 Meter 4.0 Meter (ii) Column falling towards line with line conductor hanging vertically only – 1.7 Meter 1.7 Meter 2.3 Meter 3.3 Meter 4.0 Meter (iii)Column falling towards line – 0.4 Meter 0.4 Meter 0.8 Meter 1.4 Meter 1.9 Meter

 CLEARANCES OF ELECTRICAL LINE TO WATERWAYS:

Description of Clearance

0.4 KV

11 KV

33KV

110KV

220 KV

400KV

Navigable Waters: Lower bank to conductor or earth wire

10.5 Meter

10.5 Meter 10.5 Meter 10.5 Meter 10.5 Meter 10.5 Meter Minor Watercourses : Lower bank to conductor or earth wire

7.6 Meter

7.6 Meter 7.6 Meter 7.6 Meter 7.6 Meter 7.6 Meter

 CLEARANCES TO RAILWAYS:

Description of Clearance

0.4 KV

11 KV

33KV

110KV

220 KV

400KV

Line conductor to ground level

6.1 Meter

6.1 Meter 6.1 Meter

6.7 Meter

7.0 Meter

7.6 Meter

Line conductor to ground level on or across vehicle parks 7.6 Meter 8.5 Meter 8.5 Meter 9.1 Meter 9.4 Meter 10.1 Meter Line conductor to ground level at roads and yards, where road mobile cranes are likely to be employed 10.7 Meter

10.7 Meter

10.7 Meter

11.2 Meter

11.5 Meter

12.2 Meter

Line conductor to Rail level 7.3 Meter 7.3 Meter 7.3 Meter 8.0 Meter 8.2 Meter 8.8 Meter Line conductor to the level of buildings, gantries or other structures (including those carrying traction wires) on which a man may be 3.0 Meter 3.0 Meter 3.0 Meter 3.7 Meter 4.6 Meter 6.1 Meter Line conductor to poles and other projections. 2.4 Meter 2.7 Meter 2.7 Meter 3.0 Meter 3.7 Meter 5.5 Meter Line conductor to any other wire other than traction wires. 1.8 Meter 1.8 Meter 1.8 Meter 2.4 Meter 3.0 Meter 3.7 Meter

 CLEARANCES OF ELECTRICAL LINE TO FUEL TANKS:

Description of Clearance

0.4 KV

11 KV

33KV

110KV

220 KV

400KV

Horizontal clearance from line conductors to petrol tanks and vents

15 Meter

15 Meter

15 Meter

15 Meter

15 Meter

15 Meter

Horizontal clearance from line conductors to liquid gas tanks

(1) 459 to 2273 litre capacity

3.0 Meter

3.0 Meter

3.0 Meter

3.4 Meter

4.6 Meter

5.3 Meter

(2) 2274 to 9092 litre capacity

7.6 Meter

7.6 Meter

7.6 Meter

…

ELECTRICAL SAFETY CLEARANCE-(IE/CEA) (PART-2)

CODE: INDIAN ELECTRICITY RULES/ CENTRAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY:

 RIGHT OF WAY CLEARANCE (AS PER GETCO STANDARD):

KV

Min ROW

66 KV

18 Meter

132 KV

27 Meter

220 KV

35 Meter

400KV

52 Meter (Single Circuit)

400 KV

48 Meter (Double Circuit)

MINIMUM CLEARANCES BETWEEN ELECTRICAL LINES CROSSING EACH OTHER:

Voltage

66 KV

132 KV

220 KV

400 KV

66 KV

2.4 Meter

3 Meter

4.5 Meter

5.4 Meter

132 KV

3 Meter

3 Meter

4.5 Meter

5.4 Meter

220 KV

4.5 Meter

4.5 Meter

4.5 Meter

5.4 Meter

400 KV

4.5 Meter

5.4 Meter

5.4 Meter

5.4 Meter

PERMISSIBLE MIN GROUND CLEARANCE OF ELECTRICAL LINE:

KV

Ground Clearance

Over National Highway

66 KV

6.1 Meter

8.0 Meter

132 KV

6.1 Meter

8.6 Meter

220 KV

7.0 Meter

9.8 Meter

400KV

8.8 Meter

10.8 Meter

 CLEARANCE FOR TELEPHONE LINE CROSSINGS POWER LINE:

KV

Clearance (Min)

66 KV

2.4 Meter

132 KV

2.7 Meter

220 KV

3.0 Meter

 VERTICAL CLEARANCE BETWEEN ELECTRICAL LINE AND RAILWAY TRACKS.

KV

Clearance (Min)

66 KV

14 Meter

132 KV

14.6 Meter

220 KV

15.4 Meter

400 KV

17.9 Meter

CLEARANCE FROM BUILDINGS TO LOW, MEDIUM & HIGH VOLTAGE LINES:

Voltage Description Distance Low & Medium Voltage Flat roof, open balcony, verandah roof ,When the line passes above the building a vertical clearance from the highest point 2.5 Meter Low & Medium Voltage Line passes adjacent to the building a horizontal clearance from the nearest point 1.2 Meter Low & Medium Voltage Line passes above the building a vertical clearance 2.5 Meter Low & Medium Voltage Line passes adjacent the building a Horizontal clearance 1.2 Meter 11 KV to 33 KV Line passes above or adjacent to any building or part of a building 3.7 Meter Above 33 KV Line passes above or adjacent to any building or part of a building 3.7+(0.3 for every additional 33 KV ) Up to 11 KV The horizontal clearance between the nearer conductor and any part of such building 1.2 Meter 11 KV to 33 KV The horizontal clearance between the nearer conductor and any part of such building 2.0 Meter Above 33 KV The horizontal clearance between the nearer conductor and any part ofsuch building 2.0 + (0.3 for every additional 33 KV )

CLEARANCE ABOVE GROUND AT THE LOWEST CONDUCTOR:

Voltage Description Distance Low & Medium Voltage Across a street 5.8 Meter High Voltage Across a street 6.1 Meter Low & Medium Voltage Along a street 5.5 Meter High Voltage Along a street 5.8 Meter Low & Medium Voltage Elsewhere than along or across any street 4.0 Meter High Voltage Elsewhere than along or across any street 5.2 Meter 33 KV & EHV Clearance above ground(Add 0.3 Meter for every 33 KV Volts in 5.2 Meter) Min 6.1 Meter

VERTICAL CLEARANCE AT MIDDLE OF SPAN:

Span

Vertical Clearance (At Middle of Span)

200 Meter

4.0 Meter

300 Meter

5.5 Meter

400 Meter

7.0 Meter

500 Meter

8.5 Meter

SAFETY CLEARANCE FROM LIVE PART IN OUTDOOR SUBSTATION:

KV

Safety Working Clearance

12 KV

2.6 Meter

36 KV

2.8 Meter

72.5 KV

3.1 Meter

145 KV

3.7 Meter

220 KV

4.3 Meter

400KV

6.4 Meter

800 KV

10.3 Meter

LYING OF TELECOMMUNICATION CABLES WITH POWER CABLES (>33 KV).

Cable

Min. Distance

Power cable of voltage exceeding 33 kV shall be laid

Min 1.2 Meter depth

Underground telecommunication cable shall be with underground power cable of voltage exceeding 33 kV.

Min 0.6 Meter Separate from Power Cable

SAFE APPROACH LIMITS FOR PEOPLE:

Voltage

214V to 415 KV

11KV

33KV

66KV

132KV

275KV

Person using manually operated tool 1.3 Meter 2.0 Meter 3.0 Meter 4.0 Meter 5.0 Meter 6.0 Meter Person using power operated tool 3.0 Meter 3.0 Meter 3.0 Meter 4.0 Meter 5.0 Meter 6.0 Meter

ELECTRICAL SAFETY CLEARANCE (QATAR GENERAL ELECTRICITY) (PART-1)

STANDARD: QATAR GENERAL ELECTRICITY & WATER CORPORATION

MINIMUM SAFETY CLEARANCE OF PIPELINES FROM ELECTRICAL TOWER:

Description

Voltage

33KV/66KV/132KV

220KV/400KV

The right of way (ROW) (widths on either side of the center line of overhead transmission lines )

25 Meter

50 Meter

Other than the roadways and boundary fences of security establishments any temporary or permanent structures / buildings, parapet walls,

Not within 25 Meter

Not within 50 Meter

With All Underground services crossing the way leave (from the nearest tower foundation)

35 Meter (Min)

50 Meter (Min)

The nearest side of the road reservation to the nearest tower foundation

25 Meter

35 Meter,50 Meter

The pipelines (water, oil/gas etc.) crossing (respectively away from the nearest base of tower leg). Pipe-lines shall not be laid parallel to the overhead line within the limits of a way leave (ROW).

25 Meter (Min)

35 Meter(Min) ,50 Meter(Min)

Cables crossing the transmission lines way leave (ROW) respectively away from the nearest base of tower leg.

25 Meter

35 Meter,50 Meter

Foundations and civil structures (Temporary or permanent) will not be permitted in the close proximity to the cable circuit. A minimum horizontal distance from such structures to the nearest edge of the cable trench shall be observed

Min 1.5 Meter

Min 1.5 Meter

 CLEARANCE AMONG ELECTRICAL LINE-TELEPHONE- WATER-SEWERAGE -GAS LINE

Service

Vertical Clearance(Min) Water Line (to cross below EHV cable level) 0.5 Meter Sewerage Mains (to cross below EHV cable level) 1.0 Meter Drainage Mains (to cross below EHV cable level) 0.5 Meter Gas pipes 0.6 Meter Telephone lines 0.5 Meter LV / 11kV cables 0.5 Meter

 SAFETY CLEARANCE FOR EXCAVATION OF LAND :

Type of Excavation

Distance Use of heavy mechanical excavators (other than hand operated pneumatic jack hammers) or driving sheet piles Not less than 3 Meter from the edge of cable, cover, cable joint Heavy machinery engaged in the civil construction or road works operating load/thrust/ weight will not be applied directly on the cable installation Trench excavations parallel to the cable installations Minimum separation of 1 Meter to the nearest edge of cable tile Laying of metal pipes over a long distance parallel to cable Not permitted unless the Step and Touch Potentials at any point of the pipe line do not exceed 65 Volts.

 (A) INSIDE TOWNS

DISTANCE BETWEEN TOWER’S FOUNDATION TO PIPELINE IN PARALLEL AND INTERSECTIONS.

Voltage

Min Distance

380/220V

0.5 Meter

20KV

2 Meter

63KV

7 Meter

132KV

10 Meter

230KV and Above

20 Meter

DISTANCE BETWEEN UNDERGROUND POWER CABLES TO WALL OF GAS PIPELINES IN PARALLEL ROUTES.

Voltage

Min Horizontal Distance

Min Vertical Distance

380/220V

1 Meter

0.5 Meter

20KV

2 Meter

1 Meter

63KV

3 Meter

1.5 Meter

(B) OUTSIDE OF TOWNS:

 DISTANCE BETWEEN TOWER’S FOUNDATION TO PIPELINE IN PARALLEL AND INTERSECTIONS.

KV

Min Distance in Parallel Route (Up to 5 Km)

Min Distance in Parallel Route (Above 5 Km)

20KV

20 Meter

30 Meter

63KV

30 Meter

40 Meter

132KV

40 Meter

50 Meter

230KV

50 Meter

60 Meter

400KV

60 Meter

60 Meter

DISTANCE BETWEEN OVERHEAD LINES TO GAS PIPELINES AT INTERSECTIONS.

KV

Min Distance

20KV

8 Meter

63KV

9 Meter

132KV

10 Meter

230KV

11 Meter

400KV

12 Meter

DISTANCE BETWEEN TOWER’S FOUNDATIONS TO GAS PIPELINES AT INTERSECTIONS.

KV

Min Distance

20KV

20 Meter

63KV and Higher

30 Meter

RIGHT OF WAY (R.O.W) FROM ROADS:

Highway

Distance

High Way : (38 meter from one side of Central Line of Highway)

76 Meter

First Class State Road=(22.5 meter from one side of Central Line of Highway)

45 Meter

Second Class State Road=(17.5 meter from one side of Central Line of Highway)

35 Meter

Third Class State Road =(12.5 meter from one side of Central Line of Highway)

25 Meter

Forth Class State Road=(7.5 meter from one side of Central Line of Highway)

15 Meter

GENERAL ELECTRICAL SAFETY CLEARANCE:

KV

Description

Distance

Up to 11 KV

At points where the lines cross roads or railways

Min 6 Meter Height

Up to 11 KV

parallel to roads the

Min 5.5 Meter Height

Up to 11 KV

lines cross totally desert regions where no traffic is possible

Min 5.5 Meter Height

20 KV to 66 KV

All Location

Min 6 Meter Height

Up to 11 KV

Conductor Joint

No joint shall be closer than 3 meters to a point of support

33 KV & 66 KV

Conductor Joint

No tension joints shall be used unless specially approved.

SUB STATION ABSTRACTS

SUB STATION EQUIPMENTS AND SAFETY CLEARANCE

RATING OF LIGHTING ARRESTOR:

• Size of L.A = 1.5 X Phase to Earth Voltage OR * Size of L.A =1.5 X system Voltage/1.732 OR * Size of L.A = 0.81 X highest System Voltage

LIGHTING ARRESTOR PROTECTION RADIUS:

• Protection Radius (Rp) = Sqrt (H X (2D-H)+L(2D+L)) * H= Actual Height of L.A * D= 20 meter, 40 meter or 60 meter * L= V X T (T=Discharge Time & V= 1m/ms)

CREEPAGE DISTANCE:

• 18 mm to 22 mm /KV for Moderate Polluted Air. * 25 mm to 33 mm /KV for Heavily Polluted Air. * In HVDC System The value is double from above value.

LIGHTING ARRESTOR RATING:

Rated Voltage

Highest Voltage

L.A Rating

132kv

145kv

120kv To 132kv

220kv

245kv

198kv To 216kv

400kv

420kv

336kv

LOCATION OF LIGHTING ARRESTOR:

Rated Voltage

Max Distance from Equipment

132kv

35 meter To 45 meter

220kv

Closed To Transformer

400kv

Closed To Transformer

 SIZE OF CORONA RING:

Rated Voltage

Size of Corona Ring

Less than 170 KV

160mm Ring Put on HV end

170KV To 275KV

350mm Ring Put on HV end

More than 275KV

450mm Ring Put on HV end

More than 275KV

350mm Ring Put on HV end

 CAPACITY OF SUB STATION AS PER GERC:

Size of S/S

Electrical Load

66 KV

80 MVA

132 KV

150 MVA

220 KV

320 MVA

400 KV

1000 MVA

 BREAKING / SHORT CIRCUIT CAPACITY OF SUB STATION:

Size of S/S

Short Circuit Current

66 KV

25 KAmp for 1 or 3 sec

132 KV

31.5 KAmp for 1 or 3 sec

220 KV

40 KAmp for 1 or 3 sec

400 KV

40 KAmp for 1 or 3 sec

 FAULT CLEAR TIME:

Size of S/S

Fault Clear Time

66 KV

300 mili Sec

132 KV

160 mili Sec

220 KV

120 mili Sec

400 KV

100 mili Sec

 NORMAL TYPE OF CONDUCTORS:

Voltage

Main Bus

Auxiliary Bus

11KV

Twin ACSR Zebra

ACSR Zebra

33KV

ACSR Zebra

ACSR Zebra

132KV

ACSR Zebra

ACSR Panthers

220KV

Twin ACSR Zebra

ACSR Zebra

400KV

1/14.2 mm Dia Alu Pipe

Twin ACSR Moose

 NUMBER OF DISC INSULATOR:

System

Number

Strength (KN)

11KV

4

120KN

33KV

4

120KN

132KV

10

120KN

220KV

14

70KN

220KV (Anti Fog)

2 X 15

120KN

400KV (Anti Fog)

2 X 25

120KN

 MINIMUM CLEARANCE:

Voltage

Phase to Earth Wire

Phase to Phase

Section Clearance

2.2KV

28cm

33cm

27.45cm

33KV

380cm

43cm

27.7cm

132KV

107cm

12cm

25cm

220KV

178cm

20.6cm

42.8cm

400KV

350cm

40cm

65cm

 GROUND CLEARANCE:

Voltage

Meter

33KV

3.7meter

66 KV

6.1meter

132 KV

6.1meter

220 KV

7.0meter

400 KV

8.8meter

 CONDUCTOR SPACING:

Voltage

Highest Voltage

Lighting Impulse Level (Kvp)

Min Clearance

Ground Clearance

Safety working Clearance

Phase to Earth

Phase to Phase

11KV

12kv

70

178mm

229mm

3700mm

2600mm

33KV

36kv

170

320mm

320mm

3700mm

2800mm

132 KV

145kv

550

1300mm

1300mm

4600mm

3700mm

220 KV

245kv

950

2100mm

2100mm

5500mm

4300mm

400 KV

420kv

1425

3400mm

4200mm

8000mm

6400mm

EARTHING RESISTANCE VALUE:

Particular

Max Earthing Resistance

Power Station

0.5Ω

EHT Sub Station

1Ω

33KV Sub Station

2Ω

Double Pole Structure

5Ω

Tower foot Resistance

10Ω

Distribution Transformer

5Ω

220KV Sub Station

1Ω To 2Ω

400KV Sub Station

0.5Ω

 LOSSES IN 11 KV TRANSFORMER AT 75C (AS PER CBIP):

Transformer

No Load Loss(kw)

Load Loss (kw)

% Impedance

3.15MVA

2.9

20

6.25

4MVA

3.2

27

7.15

5.3MVA

3.9

31

7.15

6.3MVA

4.5

37

7.15

 LOSSES IN 66 KV TRANSFORMER AT 75C (AS PER CBIP):

Transformer

No Load Loss(kw)

Load Loss (kw)

% Impedance

6.3MVA

6

40

8.35

8MVA

7.1

48

8.35

10MVA

8.4

57

8.35

12.5MVA

9.7

70

8.35

20MVA

13

102

10.0

 STANDARD RATING OF 66KV TRANSFORMER (AS PER CBIP):

Transformer

KV

Type of Cooling

6.3MVA

66KV/11KV

ONAN

8MVA

66KV/11KV

ONAN

10MVA

66KV/11KV

ONAN

12.5MVA

66KV/11KV

ONAN / ONAF

20MVA

66KV/11KV

ONAN / ONAF

 % IMPEDANCE FOR TRANSFORMER (AS PER IS 2026):

33KV Transformer

66KV Transformer

MVA

%Impedance

MVA

%Impedance

1MVA

5%

6.3MVA

8.35%

1.6MVA

6.25%

8MVA

8.35%

3.15MVA

6.25%

10MVA

8.35%

4MVA

7.15%

12.5MVA

8.35%

5MVA

7.15%

20MVA

10%

6.3MVA

7.15%

16MVA

10%

8MVA

8.35%

25MVA

10%

10MVA

8.35%

31.5MVA

12.5%

MVA

%impedance

Less Than 1MVA

5%

1MVA To 2.5MVA

6%

2.5MVA To 5MVA

7%

5MVA To 7MVA

8%

7MVA To 12MVA

9%

12MVA To 30MVA

10%

More Than 30MVA

12.5%

BUS BAR MATERIALS:

Description Bus Bar and Jumper Material 400 kV Main Bus 114.2 mm dia. Aluminium pipe 400 kV equipment interconnection 114.2 mm dia. Aluminium pipe 400 kV overhead bus & droppers in all bays. Twin ACSR Moose 220 kV Main Bus Quadruple / Twin ACSR Zebra / Twin AAC Tarantulla 220 kV Auxiliary Bus ACSR Zebra 220 kV equipment interconnection Twin ACSR Zebra / Single ACSR Zebra 220 kV overhead bus & droppers in all bays. Twin ACSR Zebra / Single ACSR Zebra 132 kV Main Bus ACSR Zebra 132 kV Auxiliary Bus ACSR Panther 132 kV equipment interconnection ACSR Zebra / ACSR Panther 132 kV overhead bus & droppers in all ba…

SUB STATION ABSTRACT -(PART-2)

SUB STATION CAPACITY & SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT CAPACITY:

As per GERC

Voltage Sub Station Capacity Short Circuit Current 400 KV Up to 1000 MVA 40 KA (1 to 3 Sec) 220 KV Up to 320 MVA 40 KA (1 to 3 Sec) 132 KV Up to 150 MVA 32 KA (1 to 3 Sec) 66 KV Up to 80 MVA 25 KA (1 to 3 Sec) 33 KV 1.5 MVA to 5 MVA 35 KA (Urban) (1 to 3 Sec) 11 KV 150 KVA to 1.5 MVA 25 KA (Rural) (1 to 3 Sec) 415 V 6 KVA to 150 KVA 10 KA (1 to 3 Sec) 220 V Up to 6 KVA 6 KA (1 to 3 Sec)

 SUB STATION CAPACITY & SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT CAPACITY:

As per Central Electricity Authority

Voltage Sub Station Capacity Short Circuit Current 765 KV

4500 MVA

31.5 KA for 1 Sec 400 KV

1500 MVA

31.5 KA for 1 Sec 220 KV

500 MVA

40 KA for 1 Sec 110/132 KV

150 MVA

40 KA or 50 KA for 1 Sec 66 KV

75 MVA

40 KA or 50 KA for 1 Sec

 MINIMUM GROUND CLEARANCE AND FAULT CLEARING TIME:

Voltage Min. Ground Clearance Fault Clear Time 400 KV 8.8 Meter 100 mille second 220 KV 8.0 Meter 120 mille second 132 KV 6.1 Meter 160 mille second 66 KV 5.1 Meter 300 mille second 33 KV 3.7 Meter 11 KV 2.7 Meter

 BUS BAR AMPERE RATING:

For Phase Bus bar Aluminium 130 Amp / Sq.cm or 800Amp / Sq.inch. For Phase Bus bar Copper 160 Amp / Sq.cm or 1000Amp / Sq.inch For Neutral Bus bar Same as Phase Bus bar up to 200 Amp than Size of Neutral Bus bar is at least half of Phase Bus bar.

 BUS BAR SPACING:

Between Phase and Earth 26mm (Min) Between Phase and Phase 32mm (Min) Bus bar Support between Two Insulator 250mm.

 SOUND LEVEL OF DIESEL GENERATOR (ANSI 89.2&NEMA 51.20):

KVA

Max. Sound Level

<9 KVA 40 DB 10 KVA to 50 KVA 45 DB 51 KVA to 150 KVA 50 DB 151 KVA to 300 KVA 55 DB 301 KVA to 500 KVA 60 DB

IR VALUE OF TRANSFORMER:

IR Value of Transformer

Voltage

30°C

40°C

50°C

66KV

600MΩ

300MΩ

150MΩ

22KV to 33KV

500MΩ

250MΩ

125MΩ

6.6KV to 11KV

400MΩ

200MΩ

100MΩ

<6.6KV

200MΩ

100MΩ

50MΩ

415V

100MΩ

50MΩ

20MΩ

SUB STATION ABSTRACT- (PART-3)

ELECTRICAL WIRE GROUND CLEARANCE:

• GROUND CLEARANCE IN METER = 5.812 + 0.305 X K

• Where K= (Volt-33) / 33

Voltage Level Ground Clearance <=33KV 5.2 Meter 66KV 5.49 Meter 132KV 6.10 Meter 220KV 7.0 Meter 400KV 8.84 Meter

OVERHEAD CONDUCTOR /CABLE SIZE:

Voltage

Overhead Conductor

Cable Size

33 KV ACSR-Panther/Wolf/Dog , AAAC 150,185,300,400,240 mm2 Cable 11 KV ACSR-Dog/Recon/Rabbit , AAAC 120, 150,185,300 mm2 Cable LT ACSR-Dog/Recon/Rabbit , AAC,AAAC 95,120, 150,185,300 mm2 Cable

 TRANSMISSION / DISTRIBUTION LINE:

Span

Height of Tower

400KV=400 Meter

400KV=30Meter (Base 8.8 Meter)

220KV=350 Meter

220KV=23Meter (Base 5.2 Meter)

132KV=335 Meter

220KV Double Circuit=28 Meter

66KV=210 Meter

66KV=13Meter

Conductor Ampere

Voltage wise Conductor

Dog=300Amp

400KV=Moose ACSR=500MVA Load

Panther=514Amp

220KV=Zebra ACSR=200MVA Load

Zebra=720Amp

132KV=Panther ACSR=75MVA Load

Rabbit=208Amp

66KV=Dog ACSR=50MVA Load

Moose=218Amp

 TYPE OF TOWER:

Type

Used

Angle/Deviation

A

Suspension Tower Up to 2°

B

Small Angle Tower 2° to 15°

C

Medium Angle Tower 15° to 30°

D

Large Angle / Dead End Tower 30° to 60° & Dead End

 TOWER SWING ANGLE CLEARANCE (METAL PART TO LIVE PART):

Swing Angle

Live Part to Metal Part Clearance (mm)

66KV

132KV

220KV

400KV

0°

915mm

1530mm

2130mm

3050mm

15°

915mm

1530mm

2130mm

–

22°

–

–

–

3050mm

30°

760mm

1370mm

1830mm

–

44°

–

–

–

1860mm

44°

610mm

1220mm

1675mm

–

CORONA RING SIZE:

Voltage

Size

<170 KV 160mm Ring put at HV end >170 KV 350mm Ring put at HV end >275 KV 450mm Ring put at HV end & 350 mm Ring put at Earth end

SPAN OF TRANSMISSION LINE (CENTRAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY):

Voltage

Normal Span

765 KV

400 to 450 Meter

400 KV

400 Meter

220 KV

335,350,375 Meter

132 KV

315,325,335 Meter

66 KV

240,250,275 Meter

ELECTRICAL CLEARANCE IN SUBSTATION

Minimum Clearance in Substation:

Voltage Highest Voltage Lighting Impulse Level (Kvp) Switching Impulse Level (Kvp) Minimum Clearance Safety Clearance(Mt) Ground Clearance(Mt) Phase-Earth Phase-Phase 11KV 12KV 70 0.178 0.229 2.600 3.700 33KV 36KV 170 0.320 0.320 2.800 3.700 132KV 145KV 550 1.100 1.100 3.700 4.600 650 1.100 1.100 2.700 4.600 220KV 245KV 950 1.900 1.900 4.300 5.500 1050 1.900 1.900 4.300 5.500 400KV 420KV 1425 1050(P-E) 3.400 4.200 6.400 8.000 

 Electrical Clearance in Substation:

Voltage Height of I Bay From Ground (Mt) Height of II Bay From Ground (Mt) Bay Width (Mt) Phase-Phase (Mt) BetweenEquipment Earth Wire From Ground 132KV (Single) 8.0 – 11.0 3.0 3.0 10.5 220KV (Single) 12.5 – 18 4.5 4.5 15.5 220KV (Double) 18.5 25 25 4.5 4.5 28.5 400KV 15.6 22 22.0 7.0 >6.0 30.0

Standard Bay Widths in Meters:

Voltage Bay Width (Meter) 11KV 4.7 Meter 33KV 4.7 Meter 66KV 7.6 Meter 132KV 12.2 Meter 220KV 17 Meter 400KV 27 Meter

 Standard Bus and Equipment Elevation

Voltage Equipment live Terminal Elevation (Meter) Main Bus Take of Elevation (Meter) Low High 11 KV/33KV 2.8To 4 5.5 To6.5 9 6.5To8.5 66KV 2.8To 4 6To8 9To 10.5 9.5 132KV 3.7To5 8To9.5 13.5To14.5 12To12.5 220KV 4.9To5.5 9To13 18.5 15To18.5 400KV 8.0 15.5 – 23

 Phase spacing for strung Bus:

Voltage Clearance 11KV 1300 mm 33KV 1300 mm 66KV 2200 mm 132KV 3000 mm 220KV 4500 mm 400KV 7000 mm

 Minimum Clearance of Live Parts from Ground:

Voltage Minimum Clearance to Ground (Mt) Section Clearance (Mt) 11KV 3.700 2.600 33KV 3.700 2.800 66KV 4.600 3.000 132KV 4.600 3.500 220KV 5.500 4.300 400KV 8.000 7.000

 Insulator String:

 Voltage No of Suspension String Length (mm) No of Disc for Tension String Length in (mm) 66KV 5 965 6 1070 132KV 9 1255 10 1820 220KV 14 1915 15 2915 400KV 23 3850 2 X 23 5450

 Nominal Span:

Voltage Normal Span (Meter) 66KV 240-250-275 132KV 315-325-335 220KV 315-325-335 400KV 315-325-335

 Minimum Ground Clearance:

Voltage Ground (Meter) 66KV 5.5 132KV 6.1 220KV 7.0 400KV 8.0 800KV 12.4

 Indoor Substation Minimum Clearances

Distance Descriptions 0.9 Meter Horizontally between any item of equipment and thesubstation wall 0.6 Meter Horizontally between any Two items of equipment 1.2 Meter Horizontally in front of any HV switchgear

 Clearance of Conductor on Tower

Voltage Tower Type Vertical Space (Mt) Horizontal Space(Mt) Total Height From Ground(Mt) 66KV A 1.03 4.0 15.91 B 1.03 4.27 15.42 C 1.22 4.88 16.24 132KV A 7.140 2.17 23.14 B 4.2 6.29 22.06 C 4.2 7.15 22.68 D 4.2 8.8 24.06 220KV A 5.2 8.5 28.55 B 5.25 10.5 29.08 C 6.7 12.6 31.68 D

 NORMS OF PROTECTION FOR EHV CLASS POWER TRANSFORMERS

Voltage ratio & capacity HV Side LV Side Common relays 132/33/11KV up to 8 MVA 3 O/L relays + 1 E/L relay 2 O/L relays + 1 E/L relay Buchholz, OLTC Buchholz, OT, WT 132/33/11KV above 8 MVA and below 31.5 MVA 3 O/L relays + 1 dir. E/L relay 3 O/L relays + 1 E/L relay Differential, Buchholz, OLTC Buchholz, OT, WT 132/33KV, 31.5 MVA & above 3 O/L relays + 1 dir. E/L relay 3 O/L relays + 1 E/L relay Differential, Over flux,Buchholz, OLTC PRV, OT, WT 220/33 KV, 31.5MVA & 50MVA 220/132KV, 100 MVA 3 O/L relays + 1 dir. E/L relay 3 O/L relays + 1 dir. relay Differential, Over flux,Buchholz, OLTC PRV, OT, WT 400/220KV 315MVA 3 directional O/L relays (with dir. High set) +1 directional E/L relays. Restricted E/F relay + 3 Directional O/L relays for action 3 directional O/L relays (with dir. High set)+1 directional E/L relays. Restricted E/F relay Differential, Over flux,Buchholz, OLTC PRV, OT, WT and overload (alarm) relay

 The bottom most portion of any insulator or bushing in service should be at a minimum height of 2500 mm above ground level.

 Location of L.A (From T.C Bushing):

Voltage BIL KV Peak Distance (Mt) 11KV 75 12 33KV 200 15 66KV 325 24 132KV 550 35 220KV 900 To 1050 Close To T.C 400KV 1425 To 1550

TYPICAL LIMITING VALUES OF SUBSTATION EQUIPMENTS.

TYPICAL LIMITING VALUES OF SUB STATION ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTS.

1. TRANSFORMER / REACTOR:

Sr. No. Equipment / test data Permissible limits Reference A) Transformer oil a) BDV -At the time of first charging 600 kV (Gap – 2.5 mm) – Minimum IS – 1866 -During O&M 50 kV (Gap – 2.5 mm) – Minimum IS – 1867 b) Moisture content IS – 1868 -At the time of first charging 15 PPM (Max.) IS – 1869 -During O&M 25 PPM (Max.) IS – 1870 c) Resistivity at 90 degree C 0.1-1012 Ohm-CM (Min.) IS – 1871 d) Acidity 0.2 mg KOH/gm (Max.) IS – 1872 e) IFT at 27 degree C 0.018 N/M (Min.) IS – 1873 f) Tan delta at 90 degree C 0.20 (Max.) IS – 1874 g) Flash point 126 Deg. C (Min.) IS – 1875 B) Vibration level for reactors 200 Microns (Peak to Peak) IS – 1876 60 Microns (Average) IS – 1877 C) Tan delta for bushing at 20 Deg. C 0.007* IEC – 137 D) Capacitance for bushing + 5% variation IEC – 138 E) IR value for winding 1000 M-Ohm By 5.0/10.0 kV Megger IEC – 139 F) Tan delta for windings at 20 Deg. C 0.007* IEEE/C57.12.90.1980 G) Contact resistance of bushing terminal connectors 10 M. Ohm / Connector NGC.UK Recommendations H) Turret Neutral CT ratio errors 39 IS – 2705

 2. CIRCUIT BREAKERS 

Sr. No. Equipment / test data Permissible limits Reference A) Dew point of SF6 gas Dew point values as per Annexure – II B) Dew point of operating air -45 Deg. C at ATM. Pressure C) CB Operating timings 400 kV 220KV a) Closing time (Max.) 150 MS 200MS b) Trip time (Max.) 25 MS 35MS c) Close/trip time, Pole discrepancy – Phase to Phase (Max.) 3.33 MS 3.33MS -Break to break (Max.) of same phase 2.5 MS 2.5MS D) PIR time BHEL make 12-16 MS Manufacturers Recommendations ABB make 8-12 MS Manufacturers Recommendations NGEF make 8-12 MS Manufacturers Recommendations M&G make 8-12 MS Manufacturers Recommendations TELK make 8-12 MS Manufacturers Recommendations ABB make (HVDC) 8-12 MS Manufacturers Recommendations E) PIR opening time prior to opening of main contacts (ABB, CGL, NGEF make CBs) 5 MS (Min.) at rated pressure Manufacturers Recommendations F) Pir and main contacts overlap time [BHEL, M&G, ABB (imported) make CBs] 6 MS (Min.) at rated pressure Manufacturers Recommendations G) Tan delta of grading capacitors 0.007 at 20 Deg. C H) Capacitance of grading capacitors Within + 10% / -5% of the rated value IEC 359 I) Contact resistance of CB 150 M. Ohm J) Contact resistance of CB terminal connector 10 M. Ohm per connector NGC, UK recommendations K) IR value: 1. Phase – earth 1000 M Ohm (Min.) by 5.0 / 10.0 kV Megger 2. Across open contacts 1000 M Ohm (Min.) by 5.0/10.0 kV Megger 3. Control cables 50 M Ohm (Min.) by 0.5 kV Megger L) Pressure switch settings -SF6 gas pressure switches Within + 0.1 Bar of set value -Operating air pr. Switches Within + 0.1 Bar of set value -Operating oil pr. Switches Within + 0.1 Bar of set value M) BDV of oil used for MOCB -At the time of filling 40 kV at 2.5 mm Gap (Min.) Mfgs. Recommendation -During O&M 20 kV at 2.5 mm Gap. (Min.) Mfgs. Recommendation

 3. CURRENT TRANSFORMER

Sr. No. Equipment / test data Permissible limits Reference A) IR value 1. Primary – earth 1000 M – Ohm (Min.) by 5.0/10.0 kV Megger 2. Secondary – earth 50 M – Ohm (Min.) by 0.5 kV Megger 3. Control cables 50 M-Ohm (Min.) by 0.5 kV Megger B) Tan delta value 0.007* at 20 Deg. C C) Terminal Connector 10 M-Ohm per connector NGC, UK Recommendations D) CT ratio errors + 3% -Protection cores IS – 2705 D) CT ratio errors + 1% -Metering cores IS – 2706

 4. CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE

Sr. No. Equipment / test data Permissible limits Reference A) Tan Delta 0.007* at 20 Deg. C B) Capacitance Within +10%/-5% of the rated value IEC – 358 C Contact resistance of terminal connector 10 M-Ohm per connector NGC, UK Recommendations D) IR Value IR Value 1. Primary – earth 1000 M – Ohm (Min.) by 5.0/10.0 kV Megger 2. Secondary – earth 50 M – Ohm (Min.) by 0.5 kV Megger 3. Control cables 50 M-Ohm (Min.) by 0.5 kV Megger E) EMU tank oil parameters EMU tank oil parameters a) BDV (Min.) 30 kV (Gap. –2.5 mm) IS – 1866 b) Moisture content (Max.) 35 ppm -do- c) Resistivity at 90 Deg. C 0.1 – 1012 Ohm. – CM -do- d) Acidity 0.5 mg kOH /gm (Max.) -do- e) IFT at 27 Deg. C 0.018 N/M (Min.) -do- f) Tan delta at 90 Deg. C 1.0 Max. -do- g) Flash point 125 Deg. C (Min.) -do- F) CVT voltage ratio errors + 5% protection cores IEEE/C93.1.1990 F) CVT voltage ratio errors + 0.5% metering cores IEC 186

 5. ISOLATORS

Sr. No. Equipment / test data Permissible limits Reference A) Contact resistance 300 M-Ohm. (Max.) B) Contact resistance of terminal connector 10 M – Ohm per connector NGC, UK Recommendations C) IR value 1. Phase – earth 1000 M – Ohm (Min.) by 5.0/10.0 kV Megger NGC, UK Recommendations 2. Across open contacts 1000 M – Ohm (Min.) by 5.0/10.0 kV Megger NGC, UK Recommendations 3. Control cables 50 M-Ohm (Min.) by 0.5 kV Megger

 6. SURGE ARR…

STANDARD MAKES FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTS

STANDARD MAKES FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTS:

Sr. No. Item IS No. Makes 1 Transformer IS: 2026/1977 Crompton Greaves, NGEF, Kirloskar, BHEL, Andrewyule, Bharat Bijlee, Alsthom, ABB, Voltamp, Siemens, GEC, Voltas, TELK 2 11 kV/HT Vacuum Circuit Breaker, SF-6/11kV gas filled Circuit Breaker IS: 3427 for VCB GEC, Siemens, Andrew yule, Crompton Greave, Alsthom(Areva), Jyoti, ABB, BHEL, Alind, L&T, Schneider, Biecco Lawrie. 3 ACB(11kV) IS: 13118/1991 Siemens, L&T, Crompton Greave, Schneider, Jyoti, GEC, MEI, ABB, Merlin Gerin, Moeller, Biecco Lawrie. IS: 13947/1993 4 PSS/CSS with HT/LT switch gear, transformer and connected accessories IS:11171/85 for dry type transformer ABB, Siemens, L&T, Crompton Greave, BHEL, GEC, Kirloskar, Alsthom(Areva), Schneider 5 MCCBs, MCBs, ELCBS, RCCBs, DB, ICTPN, TP, HRC fuse, Changing over switch, Switch Fuse Unit IS: 8828/96 for MCB L&T, Crompton Greave, Siemens, Legrand, Jyoti, GEC, Andrew yule, BCH, Schneider, ABB, Moeller, Merlin Gerin IS: 13947(Part-1&5/Sec1)/93for MCCB IS: 12640(Part-1)/2000 for RCCB IS: 13703(Part-2/Sec1)/93 for HRC fuse IS: 13947(Part-3)/93 for SFU 6 XLPE Cable 11/33kV grade IS:7098(Part-2)/1985 Asian, NICCO, Universal, CCI, Torrent, Fort Gloster, INCAB, Industrial Cable, Polycab 7 PVC/XLPE Power Cables up to 1.1kV grade IS: 694/1990 for PVC cable CCI, Universal Cable, Polycab, NICCO, Torrent, Asian, Fort Gloster, Finolex, Incab, Industrial Cable IS: 1554(Part1)/1988 for heavy duty PVC cable IS:7098(Part-1)/1988 for XLPE cable 8 Instrument Voltmeter, Ammeter, PF meter IS:1248 for Analog Automatic Electric, Meco, Industrial Meter, Motwani, Toshniwal, L&T, Siemens, Rishab, IMP, Shanti, Moeller(HPL). 9 11kV Cable End Termination & Jointing kits IS: 13573/92 Raychem, M-Seal, Safe system, Xicon brand of CCI, Hari consolidated(Cable seal brand), Densons(Yamuna) 10 Relays IS: 3231/65 Siemens, L&T, Alsthom, EA SUN REY Roll, ABB, BHEL, Jyoti, Alind, GE, BCH, Minilec, Enercon 11 Luminaries, MH, HPSV, T-5 fittings, CFL & related accessories IS: 9974(Part-1)/83 for HPSV Phillips, Crompton, Bajaj, GE, Osram, Wipro. IS:10322(Part-5), 10322(Part2&3)/84 for Luminaries IS:15111 for CFL 12 PVC insulated Elect. Wires Sheathed/ unsheathed, PVC flexible LT cable, multicore, single core, Flat cable for submersible pumps IS: 694/1990 for PVC cable Finolex, Asian, Fort Gloster, CCI, NICCO, Universal, Incab, Torrent, Uniflex, RPG, Polycab, ICL, Unistar 13 Current Transformer IS: 2705(Part3)/92 Automatic Electric, CGL, C&S, MECO, KAPPA, Siemens, L&T, Schneider 14 On line UPS, Servo Stabilizer, Inverter, CVT IS:13314/92 for Inverter AEI, BHEL, Hind Rectifier, L&T, NGEF, Siemens, Hi-rel, Autometer, Enertech, Pyramid, APC, Dubas, Luminous, Microtech , TATA Libert IS:11260/85 for voltage Stabilizer 15 Rotary Switches. Selector Switches Relevant IS Kaycee, L&T, Salzer, GE, ABB, C&S, Siemens, HPL, Moeller 16 Exhaust fan/Air Circulator/ Bracket & Pedestal fans/Ceiling fan IS: 374/79 for ceiling fan Crompton, Khaitan, GEC, Usha, Philips, Bajaj, Polar, Orient, Almonard. IS: 2312/63 for Exhaust fan IS:875(Part3), BSTN-10025/1993, CPE III TRT/1996 of ILE UK. Octagonal Pole S355JO. Galvanization IS: 2629 BSEN ISO-1461 18 Electronic Energy Meter IS:13779/1999 L&T, IMP,HPL, Secure, ABB, Enercon, IEC:62053-21 19 Central Air Conditioning Plants & Package type plant IS:8148 for package type. Voltas, Blue Star, Sidwal, Fedder Lloyd, Videocon, Amtrex, Carrier, Frick, Shriram, Hitachi, O General, Mitsubhisi IS:1391 for Room Air Conditioners. 20 Capacitors- PF correction for Electrical General Services IS:13340/93 ABB, BHEL, Indian Capacitors, Khatau Junker, Shreem, Unistar, WS Insulators, L&T, Hind Rectifier, Voltas, Siemens, Schneider, Indian Condenser, EPCOS IS:13341/92 21 DG Sets- Portable IS: 13364(Part-1)/92 for Alternator Birla Yamaha, CGL, Shriram Honda IS:1001/91 for Diesel Engine 22 DG Engine IS:13364 Cummins, Kirloskar, Caterpillar, Ashok Leylend, Penta-volvo 23 Alternator for DG set IS:4722/2001 KEC, CGL, Stampford, Leroy-somer, Kirloskar-Green IS:4728/1975 24 Induction Motor IS:235/96 Bharat Bijlee, BHEL, CGL, GE, Jyoti, Kirloskar, Siemens, ABB, NGEF, Alsthom IS:12615/2004 25 LT Switchgear & control gears- Contactors & motor starters, Energy Efficient Soft Starter panel/ Earthing Switch, Single phase preventer IS:13947(Part1)/1993 ABB, CGL, Jyoti, L&T, MEI, NGEF, Siemens, Telemecanique & control (India) (TC), Legrand(MDS), BCH, Standard, GEC, BHEL, Minilec, Enercon, Andrewyule, C&S, N.N. Planner, Power Boss, Schneider. IS:13947(Part4)/1993 26 Pumps- Submersible IS: 8034/2002 for submersible pumpsets IS: 9283/1995 for motors of submersible pumpsets Calama, CGL, Jyoti, Kirloskar, KSB, TEXMO, SABAR IS: 14220/1994 for open well submersible pumpsets 27 Timers- electronic solid state Relevant IS ABB, BHEL, GE, Jyoti, L&T, BCH, Siemens, Minilec, Legrand 28 Wa…

MINIMUM ELECTRICAL CLEARANCE.

MINIMUM ELECTRICAL CLEARANCE AS PER BS:162.

INDOOR Voltage in KV Phase to earth in mm Phase to phase in mm 0.415 15.8 19.05 0.600 19.05 19.05 3.3 50.8 50.8 6.6 63.5 88.9 11 76.2 127.0 15 101.6 165.1 22 139.7 241.3 33 222.25 355.6

MINIMUM ELECTRICAL CLEARANCE AS PER BS:162.

OUTDOOR Voltage in KV Phase to earth in mm Phase to phase in mm 6.6 139.7 177.8 11 177.8 228.6 22 279.4 330.2 33 381 431.8 66 685.8 787.4 110 863.6 990.6 132 1066.8 1219.2 220 1778 2057.4

 MINIMUM WORKING CLEARANCE:

OUTDOOR SWITCHYARD Voltage in KV To ground in mm Between section(mm) 11 2750 2500 33 3700 2800 66 4000 3000 132 4600 3500 220 5500 4500

 MINIMUM GROUND CLEARANCE AS PER IE-1956(RULE 77)

Voltage in KV To ground in mm 132 6.10 220 7.00 400 8.84 800 12.40

MINIMUM CLEARANCE BETWEEN LINES CROSSING EACH OTHER (IE-1957)

System Voltage 132KV 220KV 400KV 800KV Low & Medium 3.05 4.58 5.49 7.94 11-66KV 3.05 4.58 5.49 7.94 132KV 3.05 4.58 5.49 7.94 220KV 4.58 4.58 5.49 7.94 400KV 5.49 5.49 5.49 7.94 800KV 7.94 7.94 7.94 7.94

MINIMUM HEIGHT ABOVE RAILWAY AS PER IE-1957

Voltage Broad Meter & Narrow Gauges Above 66KV up to 132KV 14.60 Meter Above 132KV up to 220KV 15.40 Meter Above 220KV up to 400KV 17.90 Meter Above 400KV up to 500KV 19.30 Meter Above 500KV up to 800KV 23.40 Meter

VARIOUS AIR CLEARANCES TO BE PROVIDED AS PER IE RULE 64

Voltage KV 33KV 66KV 110KV 220KV 400KV BIL (Kvp) 170 325 550 1050 1425 P-E (cm) 30 63 115 240 350 P-P(cm) 40 75 135 210 410 P-G (Meter) 3.7 4.0 4.6 5.5 8.0 Section Clearance(Mt) 2.8 3.0 3.5 4.3 6.5

CLEARANCES FROM BUILDINGS OF HT AND EHT VOLTAGE LINES IE RULE 80

Vertical Distance High voltage lines up to 33KV 3.7 Meter Extra High Voltage 3.7 Meter + Add 0.3 meter for every additional 33KV Horizontal clearance between the conductor and Building High Voltage Up to 11 KV 1.2 Meter 11KV To 33KV 2.0 Meter Extra High Voltage 2.0 Meter + Add 0.3 meter for every additional 33KV

CLEARANCE ABOVE GROUND OF THE LOWEST CONDUCTOR AS PER IE RULE 77

Over head Line Across Street Low and Medium Voltage 5.8 Meter High Voltage 6.1 Meter Over head Line Along Street (Parallel To Street) Low and Medium Voltage 5.5 Meter High Voltage 5.8 Meter Over head Line Without Across or Along Street Low/Medium /HT line up to 11KV If Bare Conductor 4.6 Meter Low/Medium /HT line up to 11KV If Insulated Conductor 4.0 Meter Above 11 KV Line 5.2 Meter Above 33KV Line 5.8 Meter + Add 0.3 meter for every additional 33KV

CLEARANCE BETWEEN CONDUCTORS AND TROLLEY / TRAM WIRES (IE RULE 78)

Low and Medium Voltage 1.2 Meter High Voltage Line Up to 11KV 1.8 Meter High Voltage Line Above to 11KV 2.5 Meter Extra High Voltage Line 3.0 Meter

 CLEARANCES FROM BUILDINGS OF LOW & MEDIUM VOLTAGE LINES(IE RULE 79 )

For Flat roof, Open Balcony, Verandah Roof and lean to Roof Line Passes Over Building Vertical Clearance 2.5 Meter Line Passes Adjustment of Building Horizontal Clearance 1.2 Meter For pitched Roof Line Passes Over Building Vertical Clearance 2.5 Meter Line Passes Adjustment of Building Horizontal Clearance 1.2 Meter

ELECTRICAL QUICK REFERENCE-VOLTAGE LIMITS

ECONOMICAL VOLTAGE FOR POWER TRANSMISSION: 

Economic generation voltage (CBIP Manual)

Total Load

Economical Voltage

Up to 750 KVA

415 V

750 KVA to 2500 KVA

3.3 KV

2500 KVA to 5000 KVA

6.6 KV

Above 5000 KVA

11 KV or Higher

• Generally terminal voltage of large generators is 11 kV in India. Step up voltage depends upon Length of transmission line for interconnection with the power system and Power to be transmitted. * High voltage increases cost of insulation and support structures for increased clearance for air insulation but decreases size and hence Cost of conductors and line losses. * Many empirical relations have been evolved to approximately determine economic voltages for power evacuation. An important component in transmission lines is labor costs which are country specific. * An empirical relation is given below.

• VOLTAGE IN KV (LINE TO LINE) = 5.5X√0.62L + KVA/150

• where kVA is total power to be transmitted; * L is length of transmission line in km. * American practice for economic line to line voltage kV (based on empirical formulation) is

• VOLTAGE IN KV LINE TO LINE = 5.5X√0.62L + 3P/100

• For the purpose of standardization in India transmission lines may be classified for operating at 66 kV and above. 33 kV is sub transmission, 11 kV and below may be classified as distribution. * Higher voltage system is used for transmitting higher amounts of power and longer lengths and its protection is important for power system security and requires complex relay systems.

Required Power Transfer (MW)

Distance (KM)

Economical Voltage Level (KM)

3500

500

765

500

400

400

120

150

220

80

50

132

 FACTOR AFFECTED ON VOLTAGE LEVEL OF SYSTEM:

• Power carrying capability of transmission lines increases roughly as the square of the voltage. Accordingly disconnection of higher voltage class equipment from bus bars get increasingly less desirable with increase in voltage levels. * High structures are not desirable in earthquake prone areas. Therefore in order to obtain lower structures and facilitate maintenance it is important to design such sub-stations preferably with not more than two levels of bus bars.

VOLTAGE LIMIT (AS PER CPWD & KERALA ELECT.BOARD):

Voltage Limit (As Per CPWD)

240V < 5 KW 415V <100 KVA 11KV ❤ MVA 22KV <6 MVA 33KV <12 MVA 66KV <20 MVA 110KV <40 MVA 220KV >40 MVA

VOLTAGE VARIATION

33 KV (-) 12.5% to (+) 10% < 33 KV (-) 9% to (+) 6% Low Voltage (-) 6% to (+) 6%

 INSULATION CLASS:

Insulation

Temperature

Class A

105°C

Class E

120°C

Class B

130°C

Class F

155°C

Class H

180°C

Class N

200°C

 STANDARD VOLTAGE LIMIT:

Voltage IEC (60038) IEC (6100:3.6) Indian Elect. Rule ELV < 50 V LV 50 V to 1 KV <=1 KV < 250 V MV <= 35 KV 250 V to 650 V HV > 1KV <= 230 KV 650 V to 33 KV EHV > 230 KV > 33 KV

 STANDARD ELECTRICAL CONNECTION (AS PER GERC):

As per Type of Connection

Connection

Voltage

LT Connection

<=440V

HT connection

440V to 66KV

EHT connection

= 66KV

As per Electrical Load Demand

Up 6W Load demand

1 Phase 230V Supply

6W to 100KVA(100KW)

3 Phase 440V Supply

100KVA to 2500KVA

11KV,22KV,33KV

Above 2500KVA

66KV

HT Connection Earthing

H.T Connection’s Earthing Strip

20mmX4mm Cu. Strip

CT & PT bodies

2Nos

PT Secondary

1Nos

CT Secondary

1Nos

I/C and O/G Cable+ Cubicle Body

2Nos

 STANDARD METER ROOM SIZE (AS PER GERC):

Meter Box Height Upper level does not beyond 1.7 meter and Lower level should not below 1.2 meter from ground. Facing of Meter Box Meter Box should be at front area of Building at Ground Floor. Meter Room / Closed Shade 4 meter square Size

ELECTRICAL ROOM / SUB SWITCHING ROOM GUIDELINES

IEC 61936-1

DOOR: Doors shall have a fire resistance of at least 60 minutes Doors which open to the outside are adequate if they are of fire-retardant material and construction Ventilation openings necessary for the operation of the transformers are permitted When designing the openings, the possible escape of hot gases shall be considered The doors of switchgear cubicles or bays should close in the direction of escape. Length of Escape Route in Electrical Room Exits shall be arranged so that the length of the escape route within the room does not exceed 40 meter for installation of rated voltages Um greater than 52 kV, and 20 meter for installation of rated voltages up to Um = 52 kV. This does not apply to accessible bus ducts or cable ducts Permanently installed ladders or similar are permissible as emergency exits in escape routes. No of Door If an operating aisle does not exceed 10 m, one exit is enough. An exit or emergency possibilities shall be provided at both ends of the escape route if its length exceeds 10 Meter Service areas Service areas comprise aisles, access areas, handling passages and escape routes Aisles and access areas shall be adequately dimensioned for carrying out work, operating switchgear and transporting equipment. Aisles shall be at least 800 mm wide. The width of the aisles shall not be reduced even where equipment projects into the aisles, for example permanently installed operating mechanisms or switchgear trucks in isolated positions. Space for evacuation shall always be at least 500 mm, even when removable parts or open doors, which are blocked in the direction of escape, intrude into the escape routes. For erection or service access ways behind closed installations (solid walls), a width of 500 mm is sufficient. Windows Windows shall be designed so that entry is difficult. This requirement is considered fulfilled if one or more of the following measures are applied The window is made of unbreakable material. The window is screened The lower edge of the window is at least 1.8 Meter above the access level The building is surrounded by an external fence at least 1.8 Meter high. External fences or walls and access doors Unauthorized access to outdoor installations shall be prevented. Where this is by means of external fences or walls, the height and construction of the fence/wall shall be adequate to deter climbing. Height and construction of the fence/wall shall be adequate to deter climbing. The external fence/wall shall be at least 1 800 mm high. The lower edge of a fence shall not be more than 50 mm from the ground. Access doors to outdoor installations shall be equipped with security locks. External fences/walls and access doors shall be marked with safety signs Any adjacent fences, other structures and trees outside the installation should also deter climbing.

IS 3034: 1993

Cable Entry All cable entries in the switch gear room shall be effectively sealed by use of fire stops ( see IS 12459 : 1988 ).

Section 50A in The Indian Electricity Rules, 1956

FIRE BARRIER No other service pipes shall be taken along the ducts provided for laying power cables. All ducts provided for power cables and other services shall be provided with fire-barrier at each floor crossing

4.2-Substations and Switch Rooms (NATIONAL BUILDING CODE 2016)

At Basement Location of substation in the basement should be avoided, as far as possible. Only One Basement In case there is only one basement in a building, the substation/switch room shall not be provided in the basement. Also, the floor level of the substation shall not be lowest point of the basement. Central of Load Centre Ideal location for an electrical substation for a group of buildings will be at the electrical load Centre. Generally the load Centre will be somewhere between the geometrical Centre and the air conditioning plant room, as air conditioning plant room will normally be the largest load, if the building(s) are centrally air conditioned. Prevention of Strom Water / Water seepages In order to prevent storm water entering the transformer and switch rooms through the soak pits, the floor level of the substation/ switch room shall be at least 300 mm above the highest flood water level that may be anticipated in the locality. Also, facility shall be provided for automatic removal of water. Not Above Water Tank / Sewage Plant Substation shall not be located immediately above or below plumbing water tanks or sewage treatment plant (STP) water tanks at the same location. Sub Station Door All door openings from substation, electrical rooms, etc, should open outwards. Vertical shutters (like fire rated rolling shutters) may also be acceptable provided they are combined with a single leaf door opening outwards for exit in case of emergency For large substation room/electrical room having mul…

QUICK REFERENCE OF DIESEL GENERATOR SET-(PART-1)

Standard Size of The DG sets

KVA KVA KVA KVA KVA 7.5 KVA 20KVA 35 KVA 62.5 KVA 100 KVA 10 KVA 25 KVA 40 KVA 75 KVA 125 KVA 15 KVA 30 KVA 50 KVA 82.5 KVA 200 KVA

Bar Size for D.G Foundation

Rating of D.G set Size of Bar Up to 82.5 KVA 10MM 100 KVA To 200 KVA 12MM 250 KVA to 500KVA 16MM

Minimum Capacity of Daily Fuel Service Tank (AS per CPWD)

Capacity of DG set Minimum Fuel Tank Capacity Upto 25 KVA 100 Litres Above 25 to 62.5 KVA 120 Litres Above 62.5 KVA to 125 KVA 225 Litres Above 125 KVA to 200 KVA 285 Litres Above 200 KVA to 380 KVA 500 Litres Above 380 KVA to 500 KVA 700 Litres Above 500 KVA to 750 KVA 900 Litres

Battery Size for D.G Set (AS per CPWD)

DG Set Capacity Battery Capacity (AH) Cu Cable Size (Sq. mm) Electrical System (Volts) Upto 25 KVA 88 35 12 Above 25 KVA upto 62.5 KVA 120 50 12 Above 62.5 KVA upto 82.5 KVA 150 50 12 Above 82.5.KVA upto 125 KVA 180 50 12 Above 125 KVA upto 500 KVA 180 70 12 Above 500 KVA 360 70 24

Depths of PCC (Plain Cement Concrete) for DG Set (As per CPWD) DG Set Capacity (KVA) Typical Depth of PCC Foundation (For soil bearing capacity 5000 kg/sqm) 750-2000 600 mm 625 400 mm 320-500 400 mm 200-320 400 mm 82.5 -200 400 mm Upto 82.5 200 mm

Area Required For Generator in Electrical Sub Station (As per NBC)

Capacity kVA Area m2 Clear Height below the Soffit of the Beam m 25 56 3.6 48 56 3.6 100 65 3.6 150 72 3.6 248 100 4.2 350 100 4.2 480 100 4.2 600 110 4.6 800 120 4.6 1010 120 6.5 1250 120 6.5 1600 150 6.5 2000 150 6.5

Starting Current for D.G set

Type of Load Starting Current Motors over 50 HP 6 X motor rated current Variable frequency drive motors 2 X motor rated current Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) loads 1.5 X UPS rated current Battery charger loads 2.5 X Charger rated current Non-Linear Load 1.5 to 2.5 X rated current Medical imaging loads 1.1 X Rated current Soft Starter Motor 1.2 X motor rated current DOL Starter 4 X motor rated current Star-Delta Starter 3 X motor rated current Auto Transformer Starter 1.5 X motor rated current Most generators are capable of delivering 300% of the rated current for 10 seconds

Stand by D.G Permission As per PSEB

D.G Set Capacity Permission Remarks Up to 10 KW(11 KVA) No permission is required. Also prior sanction of CEI is not required. 10 KW (11 KVA) to 250 KVA 250 KVA to 1 MVA 1 MVA to 2.5 MVA Permission is required. Also prior sanction of CEI is required The capacity of D.G Set should not exceed 1.2 times of the sanctioned Load. 2.5 MVA to 5 MVA Exceeding 5 MVA

Sound Level of Diesel Generator (ANSI 89.2&NEMA 51.20):

KVA Max. Sound Level <9 KVA 40 DB 10 KVA to 50 KVA 45 DB 51 KVA to 150 KVA 50 DB 151 KVA to 300 KVA 55 DB 301 KVA to 500 KVA 60 DB

Exhaust Stack Height

Up to 1000KVA D.G Total Height of stack (Meter) = (Height of Building Where D.G Installed +0.2 ) X √D.G Capacity in KVA More than 1000KVA D.G 30 Meter height or more than 3 meter height of building which is higher.

Height of stack (Meter)

Generator Sets Total Height of Stack in Meters. 000 to 050 KVA Height of Building + 1.5 Meter 050 to 100 KVA Height of Building + 2.0 Meter. 100 to 150 KVA Height of Building + 2.5 Meter 150 to 200 KVA Height of Building + 3.0 Meter 200 to 250 KVA Height of Building + 3.5 Meter 250 to 300 KVA Height of Building + 4.0 Meter.

D.G Room Air Requirement

D.G Set Air Requirement 275 KVA 605 Cu. Meter / Min 320 KVA 625 Cu. Meter / Min 400 KVA 854 Cu. Meter / Min 500 KVA 1065 Cu. Meter / Min 600 KVA 1286 Cu. Meter / Min

Noise Limit of D.G Set As per CPWD, India

Up to 1000 KVA (manufactured after 2005) =75 dB(A) at 1 meter from the enclosure surface The acoustic enclosure or acoustic treatment of the room shall be designed for minimum 25 dB(A) insertion loss or for meeting the ambient noise standards, whichever is on the higher side. The measurement for insertion loss may be done at different points at 0.5 m from the acoustic enclosure / room, and then averaged. The DG set shall be provided with proper exhaust muffler with insertion loss of minimum 25 dB(A).

Foundation & Earthing for D.G Set (As Per CPWD)

Iteam Descriptions D.G set inside Room A PCC foundation (1:2:4, M-20 grade) of approximate depth 150 mm above the finished Genset Room Floor level The length and breadth of foundation should be at least 250 mm more on all sides than the size of the enclosure. D.G set in Open Room A PCC (1:2:4, M-20 grade) foundation of weight 2.5 times the operating weight of the Genset with enclosure or as recommended by the Genset manufacturer, whichever is higher 300 mm of this foundation height should be above the ground level. The length and breadth of foundation should be at least 250 mm more on all sides than the size of enclosure. Earthing Copper plate earthing (Neutral Grounding) shall be provided for DG Sets of capacity 500 KVA or above whereas G.I. plate earthing (Ne…

QUICK REFERENCE OF DIESEL GENERATOR SET-(PART-2)

D.G Detail according to Size

D.G Size (KVA) L x W x H (Canopy) mm Approx Weight (Kg) Fuel Tank (Ltrs) Fuel Consumption (Ltr/hr) Oil Consumption (Ltr/hr) 12.5 2040 x 1230 x 1450 1050 60 2.3 0.02 15 2040 x 1230 x 1450 1050 65 2.3 0.02 20 2240 x 1230 x 1450 1300 65 3.7 0.03 30 2510 x 1130 x 1450 1300 65 6.3 0.03 40 3350 x 1180 x 1650 1500 100 7.8 0.03 50 3350 x 1180 x 1650 1500 100 8.3 0.03 62.5 3350 x 1180 x 1650 1930 150 10.5 0.03 75 3605 x 1405 x 1600 1950 150 13 0.03 100 3940 x 1700 x 1850 2500 300 15.7 0.05 125 3950 x 1700 x 1850 2700 300 19 0.05 140 4600 x 1850 x 1950 3580 300 22.6 0.06 160 4600 x 1850 x 1950 3720 450 25.9 0.14 180 4970 x 1730 x 2045 3870 450 27.7 0.14 200 4970 x 1730 x 2045 3950 450 29.8 0.14 250 4970 x 1730 x 2050 4660 450 37.7 0.15 275 5700 x 2030 x 2515 5860 450 50 0.15 320 5700 x 2030 x 2515 5860 450 57 0.3 400 5905 x 2030 x 2520 6180 990 65.1 0.3 500 6205 x 2030 x 2550 6990 990 81.3 0.3

FUEL CONSUMPTION FOR DG SET:

Generator KVA Diesel consumption Liter per hour 5 1.25 15 2.91 20 4.78 25 4.78 30 6.55 40 8.11 50 10.19 62.5 10.92 75 13.52 82.5 13.52 125 19.76 140 23.4 200 30.99

Approximate Fuel Consumption for Diesel Generator Set

Generator Size (KVA) @0.8 PF 1/4 Load (Liter/Hr) 1/2 Load (Liter/Hr) 3/4 Load (Liter/Hr) Full Load (Liter/Hr) 25 2.27 3.41 4.92 6.06 38 4.92 6.82 9.09 10.98 50 6.06 8.71 12.12 15.15 75 6.82 10.98 14.39 18.18 94 9.09 12.88 17.42 23.11 125 9.85 15.53 21.97 28.03 156 11.74 18.94 26.89 34.47 169 12.50 20.45 28.79 37.12 188 13.64 22.35 31.82 41.29 219 15.53 25.76 36.74 48.11 250 17.80 29.17 41.67 54.55 288 20.08 33.33 47.35 62.88 313 21.59 35.98 51.52 68.18 375 25.76 42.80 60.98 81.44 438 29.92 49.62 70.83 95.08 500 33.71 56.44 80.68 108.33 625 41.67 70.08 100.00 135.23 750 50.00 83.33 119.32 162.12 938 61.74 103.79 148.86 202.27 1250 81.82 137.88 197.35 269.32 1563 101.89 171.59 246.21 336.36 1875 121.97 205.68 294.70 403.41 2188 142.05 239.39 343.56 470.45 2500 162.12 273.48 392.05 537.50 2813 182.20 307.20 440.91 604.55

Approximate Current Rating of Diesel Generator Set @ 0.8 PF

KVA kW 220V 240V 400V 440V 450V 480V 600V 2400V 3300V 8 6.3 16.5 15.2 9.1 8.3 8.1 7.6 6.1 9.4 7.5 24.7 22.6 13.6 12.3 12 11.3 9.1 12.5 10 33 30.1 18.2 16.6 16.2 15.1 12 18.7 15 49.5 45 27.3 24.9 24.4 22.5 18 25 20 66 60.2 36.4 33.2 30.1 24 6 4.4 3.5 31.3 25 82.5 75.5 45.5 41.5 40.5 37.8 30 7.5 5.5 37.5 30 99 90.3 54.6 49.8 48.7 45.2 36 9.1 6.6 50 40 132 120 73 66.5 65 60 48 12.1 8.8 62.5 50 165 152 91 83 81 76 61 15.1 10.9 75 60 198 181 109 99.6 97.5 91 72 18.1 13.1 93.8 75 247 226 136 123 120 113 90 22.6 16.4 100 80 264 240 146 133 130 120 96 21.1 17.6 125 100 330 301 182 166 162 150 120 30 21.8 156 125 413 375 228 208 204 188 150 38 27.3 187 150 495 450 273 249 244 225 180 45 33 219 175 577 527 318 289 283 264 211 53 38 250 200 660 601 364 332 324 301 241 60 44 312 250 825 751 455 415 405 376 300 75 55 375 300 990 903 546 498 487 451 361 90 66 438 350 1155 1053 637 581 568 527 422 105 77 500 400 1320 1203 730 665 650 602 481 120 88 625 500 1650 1504 910 830 810 752 602 150 109 750 600 1980 1803 1090 996 975 902 721 180 131 875 700 2310 2104 1274 1162 1136 1052 842 210 153 1000 800 2640 2405 1460 1330 1300 1203 962 241 176 1125 900 2970 2709 1640 1495 1460 1354 1082 271 197 1250 1000 3300 3009 1820 1660 1620 1504 1202 301 218 1563 1250 4130 3765 2280 2080 2040 1885 1503 376 273 1875 1500 4950 4520 2730 2490 2440 2260 1805 452 327 2188 1750 5280 3180 2890 2830 2640 2106 528 380 2500 2000 6020 3640 3320 3240 3015 2405 602 436 2812 2250 6780 4095 3735 3645 3400 2710 678 491

Approximate Fuel Consumption of D.G Set As per Bureau of Energy Efficiency

D.G Set (Kw) Average Load as % of De rated Capacity Specific Fuel Cons. Lit/kWh Specific Lube Oil Cons. Lit/kWh 480 89 0.335 0.007 480 110 0.334 0.024 292 84 0.356 0.006 200 89 0.325 0.003 200 106 0.338 0.003 292 79 0.339 0.006 292 81 0.362 0.005 292 94 0.342 0.003 292 88 0.335 0.006 292 76 0.335 0.005 292 69 0.353 0.006 400 75 0.334 0.004 400 65 0.349 0.004 880 85 0.318 0.007 400 70 0.335 0.004 400 80 0.337 0.004 880 78 0.345 0.007 800 74 0.324 0.002 800 91 0.290 0.002 880 96 0.307 0.002 920 77 0.297 0.002